Partial replacement of electrical wiring in the apartment

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Replacing electrical wiring in an apartment is not an easy task. The correct operation of electrical appliances and the safety of living in the premises depend on its exact sequence, strict adherence to technical regulations and the use of the right materials. As a rule, a complete replacement of electrical wiring is most often needed in old houses, as well as when renovating buildings.

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Is it worth changing the electrical wiring in parts?

To make it clear whether it is rational to change electrical parts in parts and whether this can be done at all, first we list the advantages of this type of electrical installation:

1. Lower costs.
2. The speed of electrical installation of several rooms (or individual lines) is higher than a complete replacement of wiring.
3. There is no need to renovate all rooms.

This is where the advantages of partial replacement of electrical wiring end. If we talk about disadvantages, there are many more of them:

1. It is not possible to connect aluminum with copper in all ways, and in any case such a connection is dangerous. As we know, previously all wiring was carried out with aluminum wire, but now you need to use copper cable. Therefore, it is impossible to avoid connecting aluminum and copper during partial replacement of electrical equipment.
2. Difficulty connecting new lines in old junction boxes. Firstly, in old junction boxes there is little space for switching cores. Secondly, aluminum wires are quite fragile and can break when laying a new line.
3. Increased load on old wiring. If you simply decide to partially change the electrical wiring in an apartment or house, while connecting a new cable to the old one in the distribution box, an overload may occur. It is connected with the fact that an old aluminum wire of small cross-section will go to the box from the shield, which most likely will not withstand the new load. As a result, you will have to pull the new cable directly from the panel, bypassing the junction boxes. And this is not only problematic, but also complicates the wiring diagram.
4. Greater consumption of materials. Due to the use of “bypass circuits”, more cable will be spent on electrical installation as a whole. And the work itself will be more difficult and more expensive (if you use the services of specialists).

As you can see, partial replacement of electrical wiring in an apartment or house is possible, but it is more problematic and unsafe. Low reliability of connections, as well as a high probability of network congestion, are quite significant disadvantages.

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Preparing for replacement

Before you start replacing electrical wiring, partial or complete, you will need to calculate the load, check the installed sockets and familiarize yourself with the data marked on them (we are talking about sockets that were originally installed along with the wiring). In addition, inspect which wires fit into these outlets.

The main thing here is to pay attention to the cross-section of these cables and the material from which they are made. Compare the data you got with the expected load. It is clear that in cases where the electrical wiring was changed 3-6 years ago, there will be no need to replace it again. But if it is about 20 years old, then it is likely that all the wires have worn out. And this is even despite the fact that they can be copper and have a cross-section that meets the power needs.

An important condition for partial replacement of electrical wiring is that you do not have to connect copper wires to aluminum ones. It is also important to note that the general condition of the old wiring must be at least satisfactory.

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Video examples of our work

is a team of professional electricians and installers with high ratings and permits to work on electrical networks. We provide a variety of services for both commercial structures and private clients in Moscow and the Moscow region.

The company's range of services includes:

• major replacement of electrical wiring;
• electrical installation in new buildings;
• partial repair work on wiring;
• complete replacement of electrical wiring in an old house;
• design of electrical networks and many other manipulations.

The work of replacing electrical wiring includes a number of tasks:

• elimination of old meters, wires, sockets, machines, switches;
• checking the operation of the entire electrical network and its adjustment.
• laying communications and installing the necessary devices;

To ensure maximum safety of the network, electrical wiring in the premises is replaced completely by ElStroy specialists, without leaving behind old metering devices, wires and other elements that could become a catalyst for a fire.

Replacement of old electrical wiring is carried out by the company's craftsmen, based on the expected loads, which guarantees stability, reliability, durability, and the absence of any failures in the operation of household appliances and appliances.

The need for partial replacement of wiring

But is it worth changing all the electrical wiring? In most apartments, the wiring is hidden and removing it from all the walls is a noisy and labor-intensive process. And the previously used aluminum wire is also capable of powering a chandelier or table lamp with a reserve. If the latter is in good condition (and this can be determined through diagnostics), then the best way out of the situation is to partially replace the old wiring.

First of all, it is necessary to replace the input machine with a more powerful one that can withstand an operating power of 7 kilowatts and above. If this is not done, then the increased electricity consumption may be perceived by the device as a short circuit and will lead to a blackout in the apartment.

Further, in places where powerful consumers are installed, sockets with grounding should be installed, designed for a current of 10 - 15 amperes and higher. This is where the new wiring should go, which is best led directly from the input panel. By modern standards, copper wire must be of a size sufficient to prevent overheating at a given current load. Depending on the type of insulation, a square millimeter of cross-section can withstand a current of no more than 2 - 5 amperes.

Replacement of electrics in the apartment includes

• Visit of a specialist, diagnostics of the object
• Drawing up a diagram of the location and quantity of electrical appliances, sockets, switches (based on an electrical project, design project)
• Drawing up an estimate for electrical installation work
• Wall chipping, installation of socket boxes (after plastering the walls)

• Installation of all necessary power and low-current cables
• Electrical panel installation
• Checking all power lines (before finishing work)
• Finishing work
• Installation of sockets, switches, lamps, automation
• Commissioning works

Stages of work

Replacing the electrical wiring in your apartment yourself requires a lot of work with a hammer drill and construction dirt. Usually, indoor wires are laid in a hidden way in grooves in the walls, which you have to do yourself. It will be necessary to tap even in a panel house; it is not always possible to insert new cables into existing cavities in the panels. Often these channels are filled with concrete in some places.

How to hide cables without gating walls

Removing old wiring

Before dismantling the old wiring in the apartment, it must be completely de-energized by turning off the general apartment switch in the panel on the floor. After this, you should check the presence of voltage in the sockets using an indicator screwdriver or a voltmeter. Only after checking can you begin further work on replacing cables.

Marking and preparing walls in the apartment

To simplify the installation of wiring throughout the apartment, you should first mark on the walls all wiring lines and installation locations for sockets, distribution boxes and switches. Then you can begin to groove and cut out holes for the socket boxes.

Marking walls for electrical wiring

Electrical wiring

It is recommended to do internal electrical wiring in a wooden house in an open way with wires laid in cable channels. And in apartments it is customary to install it hidden. It is then easier to cover such wiring with decor, and the risk of damage to it subsequently is minimal. Fixation of electrical wires in the grooves is done with dowel clamps or gypsum mortar.

Placement of electrical appliances in the corridor

Installation of protective systems

In many old high-rise buildings, it is basically impossible to lay a three-core wire with a grounding conductor from the panel to the apartment. This is not provided for in the project. But in some apartment wiring there is a two-wire one, but it can be easily changed to a modern three-wire one. You just need to connect everything correctly in the panel on the floor.

The possibility of converting the Soviet TN-C electrical wiring to a more reliable version TN-S or TN-CS should be checked with the housing office electricians. Changing anything on the floor panel yourself is strictly prohibited. You can do this grounding in a private house yourself; in an apartment building everything is much more complicated.

The calculation of the parameters of RCDs and automatic devices should definitely be entrusted to a specialist in this field. Mistakes here can lead to serious problems.

Connection diagram for the security system in the apartment

Connection to the panel

If you have an electrical design completed by professionals, then it is not difficult to assemble protective devices based on it in a panel on the floor. However, it is best to entrust this task to an invited electrician, who will also then ring the system to check its functionality and the absence of short circuits.