What is bitumen primer used for: composition and characteristics of the material

Description and characteristics of bitumen primer

Construction primer is a broader concept than primer.
Primers are acrylic, phosphate, alkyd, shellac, epoxy. Together they “cover” the need to process any materials, be it wood, metal, concrete, drywall or anything else. They are primed so that subsequent layers adhere better, lay more evenly, last longer, maintaining performance characteristics. Bitumen primer is made on the basis of bitumen. This is a composition of resinous hydrocarbons, that is, organic substances. Externally they are dark and viscous. Based on these, a number of bitumen coatings are made, for example, roofing felt, parchment, andulin. Some of them are based on cardboard, others on fiberglass, and still others on membrane. In any case, they are impregnated and coated on both sides with hard bitumen.

The primer is not solid, but liquid bitumen. It can be like this with a certain selection of hydrocarbons, or in heated form, mixed with diesel fuel. This substance does not so much strengthen as a regular primer, but rather glues and seals. Bitumen does not dissolve in water and does not allow it to pass through.

Bitumen primer "TechnoNIKOL"

The characteristics of bitumen primer include:

• drying in 9-12 hours, with a reduction in time in case of using soil that is maximally saturated with hydrocarbons
• percentage of volatile substances from 25 to 55%
• softening at 70-80 degrees

Compositions saturated with hydrocarbons are odorous and toxic. This requires caution when working with bitumen primers. However, the toxicity of the mixture depends on its type.

Description and technical specifications

Bitumen primer or bitumen primer is a homogeneous primer mixture made on a bitumen base with the addition of kerosene and white spirit. Other additives may be included in the composition, depending on the technical purpose of the resulting solution.

The originally intended purpose of this material was waterproofing, and the primer was developed to simplify and reduce the cost of this procedure as much as possible. The technical characteristics that distinguish it from others are:

• very short drying time;
• maximum thermal stability and immunity to sub-zero temperatures;
• absolute airtightness.

Of course, these qualities are inherent in the material, in addition to its basic waterproofing properties. During the development it was assumed that the direct areas for use would be materials such as:

• concrete slabs and other concrete structures;
• cement screed and so on.

The main places of use were:

• subway mines;
• underground storage facilities;
• underground objects located in permafrost conditions and other similar places.

However, in practice the material turned out to be extremely convenient and economical and they began to use it more widely, and subsequently both the primer itself and other building mixtures developed on its basis, for example, mastic, appeared on the shelves of construction markets.

Practical characteristics of bitumen primer that made it very popular are:

• the possibility of practical application while maintaining working properties within temperatures from – 50 to + 120 degrees, that is, to put it simply, the material does not care at all at what temperature it is worked with;
• very high elasticity;
• speed of drying, this property depends on the concentration of the composition, drying takes from an hour to five;
• anti-corrosion is one of the “side” features of the material;
• simple application - with any convenient tool on a dry and clean surface;
• good self-distribution over the treated area and high coating density even in one layer;
• easy adhesion to the material being processed; a second application of primer is almost never necessary.

In addition, the solution is extremely economical, and since it is sold as a concentrate, it is convenient to dilute it exactly as may be required in each individual case.

What are the disadvantages of bitumen primers

The disadvantages of such impregnations include a rather pungent odor and toxicity. But these shortcomings can be ignored if workers follow safety precautions when using the compositions. Another disadvantage of the primer is that it gets dirty - it is difficult to remove from any surface. But you can do this using:

• Benzene - removes bitumen from fabrics.
• White spirit – removes traces of bitumen from tools.
• Diesel fuel – removes bitumen from rubber surfaces.

What are bitumen primers?

The main criterion for classifying bitumen primers is consistency. The method of application of impregnation also depends on it. According to this criterion, the following are distinguished:

• Ready primers. There is no need to carry out any manipulations with them before starting work. Such impregnations can be immediately applied to the base. It is enough just to thoroughly mix the contents of the container.
• Concentrated. Before use, be sure to dilute them, for example, with diesel fuel, white spirit or gasoline.

In addition to universal impregnations suitable for any structure, there are bitumen primers specifically for foundations , roofs, metal surfaces, pipes, road surfaces, etc. In the latter case, the composition is used as a binder necessary for fixing crushed stone when laying asphalt. Depending on the area of ​​application, the composition and consumption of bitumen primer per 1 m2 .

Types of primer

There are 2 main classifications of bitumen primer. The first classifies the primer based on consistency. Exist:

1. Concentrated. Before use, it should be diluted, for example, with the same diesel fuel.
2. Ready. Sold ready for use, you just need to thoroughly stir the contents of the container.

The second classification is related to the area of ​​application of the primer. The first category is a universal bitumen-based primer. This is suitable for treating any surface. There are also roofing and road primers. On highways, soil is needed as a binder of crushed stone used when laying asphalt.

Roofing primer is used either for leveling and filling porous substrates before installing waterproofing materials, or as an adhesive. In the latter case, a roll roofing, the same roofing material, andulin are attached to the primer.

It is worth mentioning primer for metal. This is a bitumen primer mastic . From the name it is clear that the composition is dense and viscous. This is necessary to literally envelop the metal, protecting it from corrosion.

Rounding out the list is a pipe primer . The soil for them has pronounced anti-corrosion properties. The composition of hydrocarbons is selected so as to be as viscous as possible and bind dissimilar types of materials.

As you can see, the composition of the primer varies slightly depending on the scope of application. Its features are also a reason for dividing primers. There are purely petroleum ones, since bitumen is a petroleum product. There are also formulations with the addition of solvents, polymers, or both. Three-component primers include, for example, bitumen primer “TechnoNIKOL 9” .

The polymer primer is good for concrete, bridge structures, roofs and is non-toxic. Standard primer emits harmful fumes during operation and is used for the installation of roll and self-adhesive coatings.

How to choose a face primer: expert advice

Since the primer is a delicate product, not very common at this time, in the everyday life of the fair sex, it would not hurt to familiarize yourself with the recommendations for its choice.

Apply primer in small doses. The layer on the face should be thin. A portion the size of a small bean is quite enough. The area around the eyes will require an even smaller dose. If there is a lot of product on the face, there is a risk that the makeup will begin to “float”. And very quickly.

Each primer requires a different application method. For one you need a brush, for the other you need a beauty blender.

The application method can be dry or wet. It would be nice if this information was indicated on the packaging. If there is no such information there, a professional consultant can help you. He will tell you what qualities a particular product has.

First, it should be noted that primers can have different textures. If the skin is oily, then it is appropriate to use a liquid product. For example, NYX Shine Killer has proven itself well.

The second option is to use a gel that saturates the skin with moisture - Honey Dew Me Up Primer. Having a light consistency that forms a transparent base for makeup, they create a protective barrier.

Oily skin has its problems. Among them is the intensive production of fat, the excess of which begins to come into chemical contact with cosmetics. As a result, the color of the cosmetics changes. The primer does not allow such a result.

The makeup will not float, and the inflammatory process on the skin becomes less noticeable. Why not take advantage of such a convenient tool?!

If a girl has dry skin, she should give preference to soft, creamy primers. Consider using NYX Professional Makeup Soft Focus Primer. These drugs have a softer, but dense, structure. They will improve the microrelief of skin prone to dryness. The dermis will be moisturized, and wrinkles will be well disguised.

If we are talking about mature skin, with visible wrinkles and obvious symptoms of ptosis, you need to use “silk” foundations for makeup. Thanks to the presence of proteins in them, not only visual defects can be removed, but also the condition of the entire skin can be improved.

Primers and concealers are distinguished by the tone of the base. With the help of pink ones, they get rid of yellowness. Using green ones hides red spots. This means they can be used for skin that is problematic or prone to irritation. The NYX Professional Makeup Color Correcting Liquid Primer line offers bases of all the most popular tones.

• Silicone primers. Their task: filling all the depressions (wrinkles, pores) and creating a smooth, without reliefs, base for makeup. Suitable for those with dry or oily skin. They are used both in specific areas and for the entire face as a whole;
• Primers with reflective effect. They contain microparticles that have light-scattering properties. Because of them, the face seems to glow from within. If the skin is light, it is appropriate to use cool tones; if the skin is dark and tanned, then dark shades should be used.
• Primers with minerals are ideal for those with oily skin. They make the skin matte and absorb excess oil well without polluting the pores. Since they have a green tint, they veil redness.

How to choose a face primer by color

A primer is not necessarily a neutral product. Recently, on the shelves of cosmetic stores you can find an unusual offer in the form of colored primers.

They are good because they solve skin color problems. Essentially, this is a combination product that combines the functions of a base and corrective products or foundation products.

1. Green primer. Copes with redness and rashes. But such a product should be strictly applied to the problem area. And in this case, a tone or at least powder is required, otherwise the “Shrek” effect cannot be avoided.
2. Pink shades of primer are suitable for giving the face freshness. It is also suitable for hiding yellow spots, and will also answer the question of which primer to choose for mature skin.
3. Purple and lilac primers are similar in their visual effect to their pink counterpart, but are more suitable for dark skin.
4. A yellow primer will perfectly lighten the blue under the eyes.
5. Primer in natural shades that adapt to the natural skin tone.

When choosing a primer shade, be guided by the color of your skin. Women with cool undertones should choose options with a cool glow. Warm options are suitable for dark-skinned beauties.

Using colored primers, you can do without concealers and correctors for the face, but here it is important to apply foundation. But the primer for neutral swelling does not need additional tone equalization; it is enough to fix the result with powder.

Application of bitumen primer

The material can be used in a temperature range from -50 to +120 degrees. However, there are limitations on the condition of the base surface. It should be dry. Light moisture is allowed only in the case of a water-based primer. There are few of these among bitumen primers.

Preparing the surface for applying primer involves not only drying it, but also cleaning it from dirt, dust, and debris. After preparing the surface, prepare the primer itself. Depending on the type of soil, it needs to be stirred, heated, or mixed with a solvent.

The third stage is applying the primer. To do this, use a spray gun, roller or brush. The latter is good for small areas. The roller comes in handy in places with difficult access. The use of a spray gun is justified when applying bitumen to large surfaces, for example, roofs and facades.

A rubber squeegee is also used to apply the primer. It distributes soil over horizontal surfaces. Initially, the material is simply poured onto them. You can clarify the conditions for using a specific primer by reading the instructions. It is placed on the packaging. Often these are metal or plastic buckets with a lid.

When working with bitumen, you must:

1. Have a fire extinguisher on hand.
2. Stop smoking on site.
3. Cover your body with clothes and protect your eyes with glasses.

Precautionary measures are associated with the toxicity and flammability of bitumen, like all hydrocarbons. The drying of the soil is indicated by a change in color, which becomes saturated, and the absence of stickiness of the primer.

How to apply bitumen primer

Preparing to apply primer

Before use, you need to clean the surface on which the primer will be applied from dirt. To do this, just use a brush or mop. For example, when cleaning a concrete surface, you just need to remove large pieces of dirt.

Probably everyone who has ever swept concrete knows that it is impossible to completely get rid of dust on it. This is not important. The primer is designed to bind small dust particles and subsequently ensure reliable adhesion of the waterproofing.

Primer application

Work must be carried out with gloves. The AquaMast primer must first be mixed. The material is applied to the base with a brush or fur roller in one layer. There are no fundamental differences in the treatment of vertical or horizontal surfaces, foundations or roofs, new or reconstructed objects.

There is also no dependence on the area of ​​application. The key point to pay attention to is the air temperature. Primer drying time is up to 12 hours. The lower the ambient temperature, the longer the drying time of the material.

The primer is considered dry if the surface is not sticky. Work temperature: from –10 to +40 °C. At temperatures below +5 °C, it is necessary to first keep the primer at room temperature for at least 24 hours. Closed containers should be stored in a dry place, protected from sunlight, at a temperature of –20 to +30 °C.

Features during work

Sometimes questions arise with mastic waterproofing, for the installation of which reinforcement is used - is it necessary to treat the reinforcement with a primer? The technology does not provide for this. Only the bottom layer is treated with a primer - the surface on which the waterproofing material will be laid.

It is necessary to carefully observe safety precautions, since the primers contain flammable substances. If during work the primer gets on the skin, it can be washed off with a solvent. Do not use the material near open flame sources.

You also need to take into account that solvent-based primers have a pronounced odor, so it can only be used in interior spaces with good ventilation.

After the primer has dried, you can lay built-up roll or coating bitumen waterproofing. Please note that when using polymer membranes, the surface is not pre-primed, so there is no need to use a primer.

Characteristics of bitumen primer

AquaMast bitumen primer is sold in buckets of 2.4, 8 and 16 (3 types of packaging) kilograms. Its consumption is 0.3 kg/m2. There are no fundamental differences in consumption depending on the processing location.

Approximate prices

Despite the fact that the product appeared on the market relatively recently, the TechnoNIKOL hotline is already receiving reviews from the company’s clients.

A primer was used to prepare the roof before fusing the roll. Priming helped smooth the surface, remove roughness, and made installing waterproofing easier.

The roof was installed in winter. I was pleased that the TechnoNIKOL primer can withstand low temperatures; there is no need to use special devices for heating. Another advantage is that the containers vary in volume. We incorrectly calculated the required volume and needed to buy more. It's good that I didn't have to buy a 20-liter bucket.

Consumption

The primer fills the pores in the base, onto which finishing materials are then applied. Accordingly, their consumption decreases. This saves construction and repair costs by an average of 1.5%. On average, since the consumption of bitumen itself also varies. The indicator depends on the porosity of the base. If the primer is applied to:

• metal, takes 200 grams per square meter
• concrete, plaster or slate, the consumption of bitumen primer is already 250-300 grams
• dense wood, 300-350 grams are spent per square meter of base
• used roll coating, primer consumption is 500 grams
• coating with powder, 1 kg of bitumen primer

As is clear from the list, consumption partly depends on the newness of the base. The more worn, cracked, or porous it is, the more bitumen is needed. Affects primer consumption and base preparation. More bitumen is used for contaminated bitumen. Some of the soil is absorbed into the dust, instead of filling the voids in the base.

Consumption of mastic for primer

Consumption of the composition is an important characteristic for the use of the material. The primer is usually applied in several layers using a roller, pouring method, wide brush or spray.

Consumption depends on the porosity of the base to which it is applied, its viscosity and the method of application. Experienced roofers focus on the following consumption indicators:

• When using a primer as a coating waterproofing of a foundation or roof, the mastic consumption is 2-4 kg.
• When using a primer as a primer layer under a soft roof, the consumption will be 4-6 kg/m2.
• When used as waterproofing in combination with roofing felt, 1-2 kg of mastic is required.

When working with primer, it is important to follow the following safety rules:

1. Do not use mastics containing organic solvents near open flame sources.
2. The primer should be applied in well-ventilated areas, avoid closed spaces.
3. When working with bitumen mastics, it is necessary to use personal protective equipment (respirator, goggles, gloves).

Consumption of different types of primers

Remember! Consumption varies depending on how the composition is applied. When working with a spray gun, the consumption is minimal, with a roller – optimal, and with a brush – the highest.

Application in roof construction

Bitumen primer for waterproofing is a class of primers that is among the best materials used in roofing. By using this material, you can be confident in the quality of the work performed, if the base was prepared correctly.

Before treatment, the surface must be cleaned of dust; there should be no substances on it that reduce adhesion. Sometimes, the surface is additionally degreased.

You can apply the primer in any convenient way:

• roller;
• brush;
• spray gun;
• airless spraying;
• pour onto the surface and smooth with a special rubber roller.

Concentrated bitumen primer for roofing is diluted with white spirit or gasoline. At the same time, iron, concrete and asphalt can be treated with this solution.

When working with the material, care must be taken as it is flammable. Do not work with open flame until the primer has completely dried.

Try to avoid contact of the material with mucous membranes and exposed skin. If the primer gets into your eyes while working, you should, after rinsing with plenty of water, contact an ophthalmologist for consultation, otherwise you may lose your vision.

Using a primer for soft roofing

Bitumen primer or mastic is used not only to prepare the base for a soft roof; such materials are also used in other areas of construction:

• for waterproofing foundations and other building structures;
• for repair of roll roofing;
• when priming the surface of porous products, for impregnation of reinforced concrete, concrete, metal and wood products.

Most users apply primers and mastics to the surface with their own hands using a paint brush or spatula. These solutions are used as an independent product or in combination with rolled roofing materials, for example, built-up roofing felt. The composition is applied to a pre-leveled base before gluing the roll products. The primer impregnates a porous or dusty surface and increases its adhesion.

Important! The primer is used to prepare a flat roof before applying roofing felt. Using this solution, you can waterproof foundations and other underground communications, protect bridge supports from the influence of moisture, and prime utility lines and metal pipelines.

Mastics and primers protect building structures from corrosion. How to apply this liquid solution? Using a paint brush, roller or foam sponge. The finished mixture is spread on a cement-sand screed, concrete base or other surface. Such impregnation extends the life of the roof or any other building structure or engineering system.

Previously, we learned what a primer is and what components it may consist of. Next, let's talk about using this material for soft roofing. Not everyone knows how to use mastics when carrying out repair work or when installing a roof. Before gluing sheets of roofing felt or any other rolled material, the prepared roof base is primed with a primer, and at the same time the joints between the covering slabs are coated.

For high-quality impregnation, the solution is applied in several layers. Each subsequent treatment is carried out after the previous solution has completely dried. Under favorable weather conditions, this happens in 3-4 hours. Rolled materials are glued to the base with small overlaps without cross-joining the panels. After laying, the roofing material is rolled with a special metal roller from the center to the edges, which allows you to get rid of air bubbles under the coating.

The updated version on the use of the primer states that this composition can also be used in winter. In this case, the base surface of the roof must be thoroughly cleaned of snow and ice, as well as weak, damaged elements of the roof covering must be removed. Before carrying out major work, the base surface must be thoroughly dried. At this time, the rolled materials are laid in a warm room for several days so that they can warm up.

We recommend: Fused roofing: installation technology

In winter, roofing work using a primer is carried out at temperatures down to -20 degrees. If priming or waterproofing of building structures is carried out indoors, good ventilation must be ensured. It is necessary to protect yourself from getting the solution into your eyes or unprotected skin. For this purpose, glasses and rubber gloves, old work clothes are used.

Before use, the primer is thoroughly mixed to a uniform consistency. If there is sediment left in the container, the solution will be liquid, and this will not make it possible to lay a layer of normal thickness. If work is carried out at negative air temperatures, then the composition is preheated over a fire to a temperature of +30...+50 degrees. This procedure will increase the elasticity of the solution and simplify its application to the surface. It is recommended to heat the primer in a water bath, which will prevent spontaneous combustion of the material. To carry out this procedure, it is advisable to use a container with a lid.

Important! Do not work with mastic in close proximity to an open flame. The primer is applied in two layers with a thickness of at least 0.5 millimeters.

The shelf life of TechnoNIKOL bitumen primer is 10-12 months. This composition must be stored in dry, dark rooms at air temperatures from -20 to +30 degrees.

Foundation treatment

By using bitumen impregnation when carrying out waterproofing work on the base of a structure, you can be confident in the quality and durability of the coating. It is important to correctly calculate the consumption of bitumen primer, so that there is enough material to treat the foundation on both sides, in this case the base will be resistant to moisture.

Before applying the surface-mounted insulators, the impregnation must dry well; for greater reliability, you can apply a bitumen primer in two layers. In this case, even a porous foam block will become waterproof.

It is advisable to use deep penetration impregnation on a bitumen basis in damp rooms:

• kitchens;
• bathrooms;
• laundries;
• showers.

Application areas of the primer

Primer for roof waterproofing has found wide application; it is actively used for the following purposes:

• primers of different types of surfaces - concrete, reinforced concrete, metal, wood;
• during waterproofing work;
• for arranging the roof.

Possessing high technical characteristics and a large number of advantages, these products are in great demand in the market of goods and services.

Bituminous mastic for surface insulation

When using a primer as a primer, it is advisable to waterproof the surface with mastic, which can be applied cold or hot.

The material is sold in construction stores, and its cost depends on the components and additives included in its composition. The cheapest is mastic, which must be heated before application - a hot-use material.

This method of arranging waterproofing was very popular until recently, until mastic, based on bitumen and solvent, ready for use, appeared. These compositions do not require heating before use and are applied with a brush or roller.

As soon as the solution hits the surface that needs to be insulated, the solvent begins to evaporate rapidly, and the bitumen hardens, forming a durable waterproofing film. If the purchased material is too viscous, or you purchased a concentrate, then you can dilute the composition with white spirit or a solvent recommended by the mastic manufacturer.

Purpose and advantage of IKOPAL materials

BITUMEN PRIMER IKOPAL

Environmentally friendly, ready-to-use product. Serves for coating roofing and other surfaces prior to waterproofing with bitumen and bitumen-polymer materials, with which it has good compatibility. Its preliminary application improves the quality of installation of built-up roofing and waterproofing coatings.

Due to its good physical permeability, it effectively binds small particles, ensuring high adhesion of waterproofing bitumen and bitumen-polymer mastics to various surfaces. Dries within 3 hours. Consumption per layer is 0.1-0.3 l/sq.m. Can be used at low temperatures, down to -5°C.

Specifications

ROOFING MASTIC IKOPAL

The balanced composition includes high-tech roofing bitumen, organic solvents, plasticizer, and other specialized additives. Environmentally friendly, ready-to-eat product. The mastic is specially created for sealing roofing coverings, laying bitumen-polymer coatings, to ensure effective vapor barrier of the roof during the construction of new roofing structures and their repair.

Roofing bitumen mastic IKOPAL is fully compatible with all bitumen and bitumen-polymer materials. Thanks to its thick consistency, it does not spread over uneven surfaces and seams. The content of specialized additives prevents the development of fungi and mold. Excellent adhesion to dry and clean surfaces. Dries within 24 hours.

Specifications

PRIMER SIPLAST

The new generation primer, created on the basis of SBS-modified bitumen and organic solvents, has no analogues on the construction market. Designed for subsequent use of any roofing materials on concrete, wood, and metal surfaces. Can be used to renew old bitumen roofing coverings.

High diffusion qualities, due to the low density of the solution, provide unique penetrating ability and short drying time (1 hour). The penetration depth is increased by 2-3 times compared to other compounds. Increased durability and strength of the coating is achieved due to the presence of an SBS modifier. Consumption per layer is only 0.1-0.25 kg/sq.m. The primer can be used in low temperature conditions. All this made it possible to increase its effectiveness by 50% compared to similar formulations.

Specifications

Make your own mastic

Even with a small construction budget, you should not neglect waterproofing - the durability of the structure depends on it. There is no money for ready-made mastic, it’s okay, you can make it at home with your own hands. How to do it:

• Prepare the ingredients: plasticizer, bitumen, filler. The material is purchased in the required quantity depending on how much waterproofing material you need. Let's consider an example of preparing 10 kilograms of mastic, for this you will need: 8.5 kg - bitumen;
• 1 kg – filler;
• 0.5 kg – plasticizer.

The filler for mastic can be rubber chips, sawdust or mineral wool. To make the material plastic, you need to add used engine oil or kerosene to it.

• The mastic is prepared in a large thick-walled container. Before putting it on the fire, you need to put bitumen, well crushed, and filler, the fraction of which should be fine.

The container should not be filled to the brim, since when melted, the bitumen greatly increases in volume.

• The mastic cooking temperature should be no more than 190 degrees, as the bitumen may begin to peel off, which will lead to damage to the material. The foam from the surface of the bitumen must be constantly removed and a plasticizer must be introduced in portions.
• The mastic is ready after all the components are introduced into the bitumen.

The composition, prepared independently, is not stored for a long time - only a day. As soon as the mastic has cooled to 120 degrees, it can be applied to the surface.

How to make your own primer

A material such as a bitumen-based primer can be prepared with your own hands. To prepare the composition you need to take three parts gasoline and one part bitumen.

The second method is hot

Most often they resort to the hot method of preparing the primer. To do this, pieces of bitumen are placed in a container and “cooked”, i.e. heated to a boil. A regular fire can be used as a fire source. When the bitumen boils, it is slowly and carefully poured into a tank with gasoline.

Recommended proportions of bitumen and gasoline:

• for concrete – 1:2;
• for metal – 1:3.

Heated bitumen
When preparing the primer material, be sure to pour boiling bitumen into gasoline, although many do the opposite. The finished mixture must be thoroughly mixed until smooth. The composition should not contain solid pieces.

The first method is cold

There are two main ways to prepare primer - cold and hot. The first is used if the developer has nowhere to rush and has at least 1-2 weeks. Low-octane gasoline can be used as a solvent; grades AI-80 or AI-72 are suitable. It is poured into a large tank and pieces of bitumen are placed. The rest is a matter of time.

Bitumen dissolves in gasoline in about 7-12 days. This largely depends on the ambient temperature. To speed up the process, it is advisable to mix the bitumen. It is very important to tightly seal the container in which the mixture is located so that gasoline vapors do not escape. A sign that the primer is ready is the complete dissolution of the bitumen, the transformation of the composition into a homogeneous mass.

Applying primer to concrete floor

Prepare your own bitumen primer

The process of making bitumen impregnation for preparing the base for rolled materials or waterproofing building structures is not complicated; even a novice builder can cope with such work. The primer is prepared at the workplace before use, this is due to the fact that the warm composition cools down longer and is evenly laid on the base surface. The solution is prepared taking into account the need, without reserve. It is recommended to use freshly prepared mixture immediately. In practice, two methods of preparing a primer are used; we will consider each of them in more detail.

We recommend: Pros and cons of soft roofing

Cold way

This method of preparing bitumen primer is used in cases where the developer is in no hurry and has several weeks before completing the work. In this case, low-grade gasoline is used as a solvent, for example AI 80. We break off bitumen particles from a large piece and place them in a large container, then fill in gasoline. We leave the raw materials in the tank for about a week until completely dissolved. Periodic stirring of the components will help speed up the process.

It should be noted that the process of bitumen dissolution will also depend on the ambient temperature; the higher it is, the faster chemical reactions will occur. In this case, it is necessary to use a completely sealed container, which will prevent the evaporation of gasoline. The ready-to-use composition should have a uniform consistency. Before applying to the surface, mix it again.

Hot way

The hot primer manufacturing method can significantly speed up the process. This method is used immediately before the process of performing waterproofing work or priming the surface. Pieces of bitumen are placed in a metal container with high sides, it is hung on a support and placed on a fire (bonfire).

Bitumen is brought to a boil, then gasoline is added in a ratio of 1 to 2 or 1 to 3, depending on the required viscosity of the composition. It should be remembered that the solvent must be added to the bitumen, and not vice versa. After this, thoroughly mix the composition until a homogeneous mass is obtained and apply to the surface using a wide paint brush or spray gun. The last tool is used to work with liquid solutions. The pressure of the primer from the spray bottle fills all the pores on the base surface well, but for high-quality impregnation of the base it is better to use a brush.

Antifungal primers

Fungus is the scourge of rooms with high humidity. This is not only an aesthetic problem, because pathogenic organisms can cause many serious human diseases - bronchitis, conjunctivitis, allergies. By affecting the structure of building materials, it worsens their performance properties.

If you don't get rid of the fungus, it will spread and over time become a threat to the building and the people who are in it. An effective remedy is an antifungal primer. This is a composition with an antiseptic that is used to treat surfaces at the first sign of fungus.

In order for the solution to saturate the materials well, you need to completely remove the finish, thoroughly coat the areas where there is fungus, and use facing materials and adhesives with antifungal additives for the new coating. If the instructions for the composition contain a recommendation to repeat the treatment, it must be carried out within the prescribed time frame. To care for surfaces, it is recommended to use disinfectant household chemicals.

As for reliable brands of antifungal primers, you can choose “Fongifluid” from ALPA or one of the products, “Homeenpoisto”). When purchasing a product, you should carefully read the manufacturer's recommendations, since the composition of primers may vary depending on the type of surfaces for which they are intended.

Antifungal primer Ceresit

How to get rid of primer marks

The high adhesion of bitumen primer also has a downside: the composition does not dissolve in water, sticks to any surface and quickly stains clothes. Please note that stains cannot be removed using conventional means. A more serious approach is needed:

• Traces of primer can be removed from the surface of the instrument with white spirit. This solvent evaporates slowly: the bitumen has time to dissolve, and you can easily wipe off the softened mass with a soft cloth. Acetone-containing solvents are useless.
• Rubber can be cleaned with diesel fuel - it is not aggressive to rubber and does not cause swelling of the material.
• You can try to wipe the fabrics with light solvents (benzene, gasoline galoshes). Just keep in mind that these substances are quite toxic and can “burn through” synthetics.
• Any of the above methods is suitable for building surfaces.

When choosing a primer, pay attention to how much a bitumen primer costs. The price of quality products is about 900-1000 rubles per ten-liter bucket. If the type of packaging is in doubt, contact the seller and ask for accompanying documents. Certificates must have a blue seal.

Well-known manufacturers and price

TechnoNIKOL Corporation occupies a leading position in the production of bitumen primers. Bituminous material from this manufacturer is used in various fields, let’s consider them in detail:

1. TechnoNIKOL 01 is a universal and most popular waterproofing material. This insulator is based on an organic solvent, so it is ready for use. It is used as waterproofing for roofs, concrete structures and cement screeds.
2. TechnoNIKOL 02 is a concentrate of the first type of primer. It is very convenient to transport if you need to cover a large volume of surfaces. Before work, the composition is diluted with white spirit, kerosene or gasoline solvent 1:2 with thorough mixing.
3. TechnoNIKOL 03 is a polymer material with increased adhesive properties and hydrophobic characteristics, thanks to specific additives. The composition is designed for use on non-uniform surfaces, metal structures and pipelines. The primer is ready for use.
4. TechnoNIKOL 04 is a bitumen-based water emulsion, ready for application. The composition is only suitable for interior work in dry rooms. Using the material in a closed space does not cause any inconvenience, since it does not have a sharp, unpleasant odor. 1 coat dries in just an hour, but when applying a second coat, leave the first coat on for 24 hours. Moreover, it can be applied to damp surfaces.

I would like to mention another bitumen primer - AquaMast. The composition is environmentally friendly, based on organic solvents. It is suitable for pre-impregnation of structures. The peculiarity of this insulator is that it is used both as an independent product and in combination with roll waterproofing. This primer is often used in construction in order to reduce the consumption of expensive mastics.

Bitumast also provides justifiable competition to the listed manufacturers; it produces its own line of bituminous soils with excellent technical and strength characteristics.

Bitumen primer is an excellent material for waterproofing surfaces, which saves money and time for further finishing of the room. When choosing a material, the first thing you need to pay attention to is price-quality and the availability of certificates from the manufacturer. Only a high-quality primer can show good adhesion and waterproofing results.

Types of roofing primers

The primer, intended for preparing and leveling the roof base before the waterproofing material is installed, is sold on the market of goods and services with different compositions. As practice shows, further work will depend on the composition, namely: the method of applying the primer, consumption, penetrating ability and the time required for complete drying.

Today you can find the following types on sale:

1. Bitumen primer is a ready-to-use material containing special solvents and bitumen. In the case when you plan to purchase a concentrate, the primer will need to be pre-diluted and the product must be thoroughly mixed. This option is perfect for all types of roofing bases; it can also be used in low temperature conditions.
2. Emulsion product - this type of mastic is supplied to the market of goods and services for sale in Euro-buckets made of metal, with a volume of 20 liters. This composition can be used in work immediately. A special feature is the high level of wetting ability, the absence of solvents in the composition, during the drying process there is no release of flammable substances, it can be used at a short distance from an open fire.
3. Bitumen-polymer products - in addition to bitumen, this primer contains a stabilizer and an oil solution. This type is perfectly applied to all surfaces, dries quite quickly, and prevents corrosion.

If you plan to do all the roofing work yourself, then an excellent option would be to choose bitumen-polymer primers, which are completely solvent-free. A special feature is a high level of covering qualities and economical consumption.

Attention! Today, TechnoNIKOL roofing primer is gaining popularity.