Split system, what is it: various installation and use options

Air conditioners and split systems

Devices that create a microclimate have a common name - air conditioners. Let's tell you what the difference is between air conditioners and split systems. Air conditioners can be made as a single unit or divided into indoor or outdoor units. In the first case, mobile or window air conditioners are usually used. The former can be moved indoors, but they have bulky pipes to move air. Window windows are installed in one block so that one side is located indoors and the other is located outside. They occupy part of the window opening and create noise during operation.

Split systems are divided into two blocks (compressor-condenser and evaporation), connected to each other by tubes and electrical wires. The noisiest part of the split system is located outside.

The use of such devices means fresh air and comfort Source vkrostov.ru

The difference also exists in terms of design. Window and mobile units are more bulky, and the internal parts of split systems come in a variety of shapes and colors and can often be installed on walls, floors or ceilings without disturbing the design of the room. Another difference is the possibility of not only cooling, but also heating the air.

A split system is more difficult to install. However, it offers more features and is more economical than conventional air conditioners.

Split systems are often installed in hotel rooms; what is it and what is it for? Let’s try to understand this in more detail.

Features and Specifications You Should Pay Attention To

Choosing a split system for your home is a responsible task that needs to be approached with complete seriousness. What should you do to avoid making a mistake when buying. First of all, you need to decide on the place where the air conditioner will be mounted, not only inside the building, but also outside. It is important that the outer part of the air conditioner is located in a place that will be difficult to access by strangers. This can be a balcony or roof canopy; this will also protect the equipment from rain and snow. Many people think about what to look for when choosing. It is worth paying attention to the strength of the wall on which the system will be located; it will determine what the body will be made of, plastic or iron. Next, you should pay attention to such a parameter as the noise of equipment, it is this that can subsequently interfere with normal life in the house. All manufacturers indicate in the technical specifications the noise level emanating from the equipment. The most comfortable level is 19 dB. It is recommended to pay attention to the presence of a “night mode”; it consists of lower operating power and a lower level of noise emitted to ensure a comfortable sleep.

People living in the center of large cities need to pay attention to the level of filtration in the air conditioner. It is in the center of large cities that the highest concentration of harmful substances in the air is found. The split system, which has three levels of filtration, is the most reliable and efficient of all. If desired, you can purchase equipment with dust removal, ionization and air disinfection functions. A convenient and understandable control system is also important.

Experts recommend paying attention to the duration of the warranty provided and the equipment manufacturer. You should not buy air conditioners from unknown companies; they can quickly break down and be unavailable for repair.

Principle of operation

The design of a split system air conditioner is based on the fact that in cooling mode, freon takes the temperature inside the room and releases it in the outdoor unit. In heating mode, this cycle is performed in the opposite way.

The working fluid in the split system is gaseous freon. It is compressed in the compressor, simultaneously increasing the temperature. After this, the freon is transferred to the outdoor unit.

A high-quality climate system is indispensable in the home Source epicentrk.ua

There it releases the accumulated heat into the surrounding air. As a result, it lowers its temperature and begins to condense. In liquid form, freon enters the throttle and is transferred to the internal part of the system. Then it starts to evaporate.

Since the temperature is lowered, freon takes heat from the heated air in the room. Then it enters the compressor input and the operating cycle begins again.

Adjusting the operation of the split system involves changing the volume of freon used. By changing it, you can change the rate of heat transfer in the desired direction. Adjustment is carried out using a throttle valve.

When we see an air conditioner or split system, it is not difficult to understand what it is. Air conditioning is the general name for devices for creating comfortable climatic conditions. A split system is a variation of it, consisting of indoor and outdoor units and having a number of additional capabilities.

Work can occur in several modes.

Cooling

In this case, the indoor unit absorbs thermal energy indoors. Freon is discharged into the external unit, releases temperature to the surrounding space and, after cooling, enters the internal unit again.

Split systems can be used for cooling Source aeroclima.ru

The principle of operation of a split system is that when freon is compressed under the action of a compressor, it heats up and takes the temperature from the environment.

Heat

During the fall or winter months, it can get very chilly indoors. In such cases, using a split system can raise the air temperature in the room. For this, a working cycle with reverse movement of freon is used.

The gas is compressed and heated in the external unit, then transferred to the internal one. Here the freon releases temperature and cools. If such use of a split system is a priority, it is recommended to purchase systems that use heating elements. When using this operating mode, electrical energy consumption increases sharply.

The system can be used for heating Source prom.st

Air dehumidification

Split systems can remove excess moisture from the air. There will be some differences in how the split system works, depending on the selected mode. If cooling or heating of air is not required at the same time, then you can only turn on the drying mode, which does not use the freon operating cycle. Otherwise, after cooling or heating, the air drying stage will simply be added.

Circulation and cleaning

In this case, there may also be no heating or cooling of the air, but only intensive mixing and cleaning.

During operation, air is passed through cleaning filters. Both coarse and fine filters can be used, providing high quality cleaning.

The use of carbon filter elements makes it possible to clean not only dirt and dust, but also odors.

Split system purifies the air Source prom.st

Apply filters

Modern split air conditioning systems can use different filter elements.

The main ones are dust ones, which are installed in almost all modern air conditioners.

But more advanced models also have more powerful filters.

Antifungal

A special filter that removes dangerous fungi, such as mold, from the air. This option is provided in many individual devices, but in an air conditioner it is more efficient.

As a rule, antifungal filters are not always needed and antibacterial elements can often be used.

Plasma (electrostatic)

The action of the filter element is aimed at saturating oxygen with ions with a “minus” charge. As a result, the split air conditioning system plays the function of an ionizer.

Additionally, such filters are able to kill microorganisms, destroy harmful substances and trap dust and smoke.

In addition, such elements, under the influence of air saturated with ions, themselves receive a charge and are attracted to the filter plates.

Deodorant

A filter element whose function is to combat odors at the molecular level, as well as remove large particles from the air.

A classic representative of such products is a filter based on activated carbon.

Other sorbents can also be used, which require periodic replacement during operation. If you do not change the filter in time, it itself becomes a source of pollution.

Antibacterial

Designed to clean the air from fungi, bacteria and other harmful substances.

The principle of operation may differ: UV radiation, the use of dietary supplements, etc.

But it’s worth considering that not all such filters are effective against viruses. This point must be clarified separately when purchasing.

Catechin

One of the subtypes of antibacterial filter. The peculiarity is the use of catechin - a natural substance that disinfects the air, has a low price and is highly effective.

Such devices can also help protect against viruses, which is why they are classified as a separate group.

Advantages and disadvantages

Split systems are characterized by the following advantages:

• The ability to independently, automatically, maintain the room temperature in a given range.
• The ability to create a microclimate that evokes a feeling of comfort.

The split system creates a pleasant indoor climate Source installation-air-conditioners74.rf
See also: Catalog of companies that specialize in ventilation and air conditioning.

• Compared to other types of climate control equipment, the case under consideration consumes significantly less electrical energy. Savings can reach 30%.
• Split systems operate with virtually no noise.
• They are well suited for use in subzero temperatures.
• There is a well-designed, convenient control system.

The split system is the creation of completely comfortable climatic conditions regardless of the time of year.

Such systems have a higher cost compared to air conditioners. Their disadvantage is their vulnerability to power surges. To eliminate the possibility of such situations, it is necessary to connect the split system through a voltage stabilizer.

The outdoor module on the outside of the wall slightly spoils the appearance of the building. Therefore, it is more advantageous to place it in other places (for example, on the roof or in the corridor).

External block on the facade of the building Source www.yuga.ru

Let's understand the concept of “conditioning”.

Air conditioning is the process of bringing indoor microclimate parameters to optimal values. “Optimality” depends on the purpose of the room: in residential premises the air should be comfortable for the human body, in production - to ensure the uninterrupted functioning of equipment.

Air conditioners control air parameters such as temperature and relative humidity. Both parameters are of great importance for humans and the environment.

Design

To operate a split system, you must have indoor and outdoor units. They are connected to each other using a drainage line through which freon is transferred.

External unit of the system

It is placed outside the room. It can be placed in different ways: on the outer wall of the house, on the roof, in the lobby of the building. At home, you can use a balcony or loggia for this.

External block Source tildacdn.com

The device contains the following components: capillary tube, compressor, condenser, four-way valve, fan and receiver. In some models, the design may additionally include an inverter control board, a compressor switching relay, a filter for an “oxygen shower,” or others.

In non-inverter split systems, the external unit is connected using a power cable. The noise from the compressor located on the outside of the wall is significantly reduced in the room.

Indoor unit

It is mounted inside the room. The following possibilities may be provided:

• Using the remote control.
• The use of filters that are used for better air purification.
• Using a timer to turn on and off at specified times.

Indoor unit Source www.office-zakaz.ru

Comparative characteristics of popular models

To simplify the choice, we present a selection of split air conditioning systems and compare their characteristics.

Please note that this is not the best product, but was taken as an example and for a more in-depth understanding of the material. Although these are not the worst offers on the market and can be considered for purchase.

Samsung AR09TQHQAURNER/AR09TQHQAURXER

Budget wall-mounted air conditioner with several operating modes and three fan speeds. The vertical air movement is carried out automatically, and in the horizontal plane it is regulated independently.

A high-density filter is used to purify the air, retaining up to 90% of large particles and dust. There is a timer that can be programmed to turn on and off.

When the lights in the house are turned off, an automatic restart is triggered. There are options for comfortable sleep and a heating function that operates at temperatures down to -15 degrees Celsius.

Energolux SAS12L2-A/SAU12L2-A

A split system with a modern European design and a convenient display that displays the necessary information: mode, temperature and others. A multi-stage air purification system is provided.

The kit includes carbon and antibacterial filter elements. Additional features of the model are self-diagnosis, automatic mode selection, timer, silent operation, ionization and others.

GREEN GRI/GRO-24HH2

A split system from a well-known brand with a self-diagnosis function and the ability to automatically restart in the event of an accident or power outage.

There is an IFeel option, which implies the presence of a temperature control sensor in the remote control, rest mode.

There is also an “Anti-ice” option that protects the device from icing in winter and increases operating efficiency.

If you need faster cooling, you can turn on turbo mode.

Oasis ET-12

Wall-mounted split system with inverter compressor providing efficient cooling/heating with minimal noise.

The presence of an automatic mode allows you to save time on creating an optimal microclimate in the room.

A special filter is also built inside the device, which cleans the air flow from dust. Among the additional options, it is worth highlighting a turbo mode, a timer for programming, a self-diagnosis option and an automatic restart.

General Climate GC/GU-A24HR

Classic wall-mounted split system from a Chinese brand. The indoor unit is equipped with an informative display that displays all the necessary information.

There is a filter element inside that cleans the passing air flow from impurities.

Useful options include turbo mode, self-diagnosis, and automatic defrosting of the external unit.

The set includes two replaceable carbon filters.

Features of inverter split systems

Usually the device turns off when the desired temperature is reached. If necessary, the split system will turn on again. In inverter split systems such shutdowns do not occur. This is achieved by changing the frequency of the compressor by converting AC to DC.

After such a conversion, the reverse action will be performed. The result will be an alternating current with new characteristics to perform the current task. Such switching occurs smoothly, increasing the efficiency of the device.

Application of inverter systems Source nuz.uz

Due to the continuous nature of the operation, noise is reduced and energy is saved. When using some models in this mode, electricity is consumed by 39% less. Reducing noise allows you to install inverter systems in a nursery or bedroom. The absence of sudden starts and stops increases their service life.

Varieties

Split systems can be mounted on walls, floors and ceilings. Depending on the installation method, split systems have various features. At the same time, the operating principle of the split system air conditioner does not change.

Wall-mounted climate control devices

This type of device is the most common. They are characterized by the following:

• A compressor is used here, which provides for heating the drainage.
• The pressure device is locked.
• Braking elements are used.
• An electronic control system is used, which includes the function of maintaining a given temperature regime.

Wall-mounted system Source climatworld.com
Wall-mounted devices are usually characterized by high-quality assembly and beautiful design.

Ceiling and floor systems

They are advantageous to use in rooms that have an oblong shape. Changes in air temperature lead to the formation of air currents that carry air throughout the room. The thickness of the block should be small so that the device does not take up too much space.

Cassette devices are mounted on ceilings, the covering of which is made of square slabs with a side of 60 cm. Such blocks have similar dimensions and in appearance merge with the ceiling.

Floor-standing systems usually have more power. They are installed in large premises: in shops, hotel lobbies and the like.

Floor system Source vodakanazer.ru

If suspended ceilings are used, then the internal part of the split system can be conveniently mounted behind it. This type of device is called channel. It is sized to fit between a false ceiling and a regular one. In addition, pipes are installed to it, through which air can be transmitted to neighboring rooms.

Multisystems

Some models include several indoor units. This increases operating efficiency, but makes managing the split system more difficult. Since such models are more expensive, it makes sense to use them in relatively large rooms. Another application option is to place indoor units in various offices or on several floors of a private residential building.

Deciding on power

Deciding on the type of equipment is not everything. Next, you need to understand the technical characteristics, select the necessary options, and only then proceed to select a specific model.

To choose the right air conditioner, you need to calculate its power

Let's figure out what power cooling system you need. There are two ways to find out the required performance of an air conditioner: call a representative of a company that sells air conditioners or calculate it yourself. The calculation itself is elementary, but you will also need to take into account the features of the house or apartment.

Calculation by quadrature

So, when determining the power of an air conditioner, it is considered that 1 kW of cooling power is required per 10 square meters of area. That is, if you plan to install a split system only to cool a room, find its area, divide by 10 and get the required performance.

But, sometimes, it is worth increasing the found figure: if the house you live in is made of panels or bricks, without additional insulation, its walls will heat up noticeably in the summer. In order for the equipment to cope with such a load without problems, it is worth adding 20-25% of the found power. Then there will be no problems with temperature even on the hottest days.

First you need to find out what power the equipment requires

For example, a room of 22 sq. m. Dividing by 10, we get 2.2 kW. This is the power or a little more we look for when selecting a model.

The same principles apply to calculating the power of equipment for an entire apartment or house. It just sums up the area of ​​all the rooms in which you plan to maintain the required microclimate using this air conditioner. And then everything is the same: divide by 10, add a reserve if necessary.

Calculation by volume

This method is more accurate, as it also takes into account the height of the ceilings, as well as the location of the rooms. In this case, it is considered as follows: the volume of the room is multiplied by the standard, and then an adjustment is made for other heat sources. The standard is as follows:

• for rooms facing north - 30 W/m3;
• if the walls face west/east - 35 W/m3;
• if the wall is directed south - 40 W/m3.

A larger standard is selected for a corner room. Also, increased power is necessary for large window areas or if there are old wooden frames that do not provide airtightness.

For a rough estimate, you can use the table

Additional heat sources for air conditioning are:

• Computer. If it is installed indoors, add 300-400 W to the found figure.
• Human. In general, this position is more often used when calculating air conditioning parameters in offices and industrial premises, but in a “densely populated” apartment it can also be important. For each person in the room, add 100-150 W of air conditioning power.

Let's give an example of a calculation. It is necessary to choose an air conditioner for a room facing south, in which a computer is installed and one person lives permanently. The dimensions of the room are 4 * 3.5 * 2.7 m. We find the volume, multiply all the parameters of the room, we get 37.8 m3. We multiply the found figure by the standard: 37.8 m3 * 40 W/m3 = 1512 W. Next, add a reserve for extraneous heat sources: 1512 W + 400 W + 150 W = 2032 W. Rounding up, we get 2000 W or 2 kW.

Customization and management options

The systems under consideration are effective means of climate control. The split system device allows for configuration using a remote control. In this case, the owner of the split system is provided with the following opportunities:

• Using the TURBO mode for cases where rapid changes in climatic conditions are required.
• A timer that can be used to delay turning on or off the device. It can also be used to set a program of action.

Control panel Source prom.st

• If necessary, you can adjust the previously set value for the switching time or the temperature to be reached.
• The remote control can be locked. This may be needed in those cases. When there are small children or pets in the house. The lock will prevent the system from being turned on or off accidentally.
• Control of horizontal blinds is available. The split system device allows you to change their position in this way, allowing you to redirect the air flow from the system in the desired direction.
• It is possible to enable the cleaning mode of the indoor unit.
• You can adjust the fan rotation speed.
• You can enable or disable the device's quiet mode.

Video description

Description of the installation process:
The owner can do this work independently. However, a specialist will do it more beautifully and reliably. An important installation step is charging the device with freon. It is recommended that this operation be performed by a technician.

It is important to choose the right place to install the internal part of the system. It is necessary to take into account how air will be supplied to the room and how it will circulate in the room. Incorrect installation location and improper installation can significantly reduce operating efficiency. This device must not be exposed to direct sunlight.

When the outdoor unit operates, condensation forms. It is necessary to take care of its drainage during installation by installing a special tube for this.

During operation, the air filters must be cleaned regularly. This must be done at least once every six months.

When switching on, you need to close the windows and doors. This will save the resource of the split system.

Briefly about the main thing

A split system is a type of air conditioner divided into two units - indoor and outdoor. This is done to increase the comfort of use, because the noisiest part of the device is located on the street.

The split system allows you to create comfortable climatic conditions at home. If necessary, you can cool the air or heat the room.

A convenient control system makes it possible to set a suitable operating mode for a specific period of time.

If necessary, you can use the air circulation mode. In this case, the air in the room will be distributed evenly, creating a feeling of comfort. The split system also allows you to reduce air humidity.

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