Using the design
Today, such a branch of the national economy as construction is developing very actively. In recent years, many different methods of constructing certain structures have been developed, and new building materials have been introduced into practice. Currently, the most popular of them are brick, concrete, reinforced concrete, plastic and others. All of them are widely used in construction. Concrete occupies a special place among them. It is an artificial building material that has high strength, obtained by mixing the following components: sand, cement powder, crushed stone and water. Often, various additives are additionally introduced into it (stabilizers, water repellents, etc.).
Scheme of a concrete monolithic slab.
Concrete is an indispensable component in the construction of houses. This is what the foundation is made from. Typically, concrete slabs are used for this, which you can make yourself. The foundation is the support and foundation for most large structures and buildings. The strength and stability of the structure itself largely depend on the quality of concrete. Let's take a closer look at how to make a concrete slab with your own hands and the technique of work.
Monolithic foundation and Swedish slab
Scheme of a concrete slab with a reinforced screed.
Before you make a slab with your own hands, you need to know what types of foundations there are and what is typical for them. Very often, builders resort to constructing a monolithic foundation. It is excellent for low-rise construction. It is relevant in the presence of heaving soil. Unlike a shallow strip foundation, it has a number of advantages. Of great importance is the fact that a monolithic slab is indispensable for buildings and structures with high sensitivity to deformation. These are houses made of aerated concrete and non-elastic brick. The plate can be ribbed or flat. In the first case, it can withstand the load of the building well, but is more difficult to manufacture.
The second type of foundation, which is very popular, is the so-called Swedish slab. This is an innovation in this industry. It is characterized by the fact that in most cases it is done together with insulation. All communications are laid hidden. As in the previous case, it is relevant for low-rise buildings. It is also important that working with it takes little time. The Swedish stove is not afraid of temperature changes or swampy soil. The level of its laying may vary depending on the type of structure. The Swedish stove is quickly and easily erected with your own hands, which makes it almost irreplaceable.
Stone plate
Stone slab
Stone slab ID: 44.
A stone slab in Minecraft is also called: Stone slab, a slab made of stone.
A stone slab in Minecraft is half a block of stone. Can be used, among other things, for the manufacture of flat stairs. It is impossible to place a stone slab on its side, but being half of the block, it can be installed in two positions: in the upper half of the block (then this is the “suspension”) and in the lower half (and this is the “flooring”). Such “semi-blocks” have a number of nuances, but now a few words about the concept of “slab” (slab) not in Minecraft, but in real life.
This is the name for the semi-product of metallurgical production, that is, a thick steel billet of rectangular cross-section, the width of which ranges from 40 to 250 cm, and the thickness ranges from 7.5 to 60 cm. By the way, there is also the word “slab” - this is a crimping machine, where slabs are produced from ingots by rolling. This is understandable, because the English verb Slab means: in metallurgy - “to roll slabs”, and in general vocabulary - to pave, lay out slabs, pave with slabs.
However, it's time to return to Minecraft.
In order to make a stone slab in Minecraft, you need to place three full blocks horizontally as shown schematically below. In a word, everything is exactly the same as when creating a slab from any other material. In the case of a stone slab, stone is used, and as a result we get 6 slabs, which is logical.
6
To make a stone slab you will need:
What can you craft from a stone slab?
A stone slab can be used in the crafting recipe for such an interesting thing as an armor rack (also called a hanger). Armor stands in Minecraft refer to entities, i.e. to dynamic and moving objects.
Armor stand
Some features of the slabs
- Water (and other liquids in Minecraft) flow over slabs like normal blocks, thus leaving a gap of half a block;
- You can’t put torches and levers on the side, but you can put signs and frames;
- when a block of sand or gravel falls on the “flooring”, the drop will fall out;
- You can put objects on the “suspension” like on a regular block
- Clinging objects such as pressure plates, levers, signs, torches, etc. cannot be installed on the “flooring.”
Other plates:
Of course, besides stone slabs in Minecraft there are many others:
Stone plate
44
Concrete slab laying technique
Scheme of reinforcement of a monolithic slab.
In order to make a foundation like a Swedish slab with your own hands, the first step is to select a site. At the same time, with the help of stakes and ropes, you need to clearly mark its boundaries. The next stage is preparatory work. Swedish tiles will require a certain shape, for this you need to make formwork. Using a shovel or tractor, the top layer of soil is removed to a depth of at least 30 cm. The depth can be very varied, even reaching 2 m. This is possible if you plan to organize a basement floor in the building. After this, the surface is carefully leveled. Straight beams can be used for this.
Then you need to make additional recesses under the main and internal walls. They will be needed for the construction of stiffeners. The construction technology of the Swedish slab includes laying geotextiles. A layer of sand about 15 cm deep is laid on it. Geotextiles do not allow moisture to pass through, but retain sand. The sand is compacted tightly. It is this layer that serves as the location and location of all the main communications. It contains a sewerage system, water supply, and electrical wires. Their outlets rise upward and are protected from clogging. Then all communications are covered with sand; a layer of slag can be used. The sand is compacted and watered.
How to make a concrete slab
There are several nuances in the manufacture of slabs. In order for the slabs to be of the same thickness and even, it is necessary to place the molds on a level base, aligned horizontally, each time before pouring. I chose the option of constructing a base made of pallets.
I placed a couple of pallets on the ground side by side. And each of them took a long time and tediously to check the level, lay down bricks, add sand in order to level their horizontal surface as accurately as possible.
The surface for the molds must be horizontal
This concludes the preparatory work.
Then you can prepare the mortar and pour it, but before concrete work, cut the masonry mesh with dimensions of 480x480mm. You can cut a whole batch at once, so as not to be distracted by cutting the reinforcement with a grinder in the future.
You also need to prepare some kind of oil and grease. We use waste oil to lubricate the mold surfaces before pouring concrete. We tried not to lubricate it, because the plastic surfaces are already quite smooth. The concrete slab can be easily removed without oil.
Insulation of the structure
Scheme of a concrete reinforced slab.
As mentioned above, the Swedish stove is often built with insulation. This technology helps maintain an optimal air-heat balance of the future building. Expanded polystyrene can be used as insulation, which is laid in 2 layers with an intermediate layer of waterproofing. The latter is necessary to ensure that the materials do not absorb or allow moisture to pass through. A polymer film is suitable for waterproofing. Expanded polystyrene is placed directly on the ground. The thickness of this layer is about 20 cm, but in places of stiffening ribs it can be reduced to 10 cm. In parallel with this, formwork from wooden panels is being erected. They must be very well fixed, since the mass of concrete can simply destroy them.
The next stage is pouring concrete into the slab. To make a high-quality foundation, before pouring concrete, it is necessary to make reinforcement with laying pipes for a warm floor. The reinforcement must be laid as follows: it is placed on pads 20 mm high in one direction. Metal rods are installed on top at an angle of 90 degrees, which must have a wire bandage. Such a structure must be very durable. Heating pipes are placed on the grate, all of their outlets lead into the collector. There can be many pipe contours. Pipes are pressure checked for leaks and plugged. Then the second reinforced lattice is laid.
How to make a push wood and stone slab in Minecraft
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There are several types of slabs in Minecraft. Some can be climbed like stairs without using jumps, while others can activate a mechanism or trap. All of them are not difficult to manufacture and do not require specific knowledge or rare materials.
Simple stone slab
Typically used for the construction of stairs that can be climbed without resorting to jumping.
For crafting you only need stone blocks.
Stone - 3 pcs.
Pressure stone slab
Serves as a kind of activator or switch for closely adjacent mechanisms and other objects. You can also connect the mechanisms to the stove using wires, in which case the activated device can be located at a great distance.
To create this slab you need a stone.
Stone - 2 pcs.
Wooden pressure plate
It is very similar in functionality to stone, the only difference is the material from which it is made. It can also be used to activate any objects (turning on lights, opening doors, activating traps).
For production you need wooden boards of any type.
Wooden boards - 2 pcs (made from any type of wood).
How to do:
Concrete pouring technique
To make a foundation with your own hands, you need to prepare concrete. Concrete is produced by mixing sand, crushed stone, cement and water in a certain ratio.
The Swedish slab is monolithic, so it is not advisable to prepare concrete yourself.
You need to fill the slab all at once in a minimum amount of time. To do this, you will need to use purchased concrete grade M350. You will have to distribute the solution and compact it with your own hands. It is best to compact concrete for a monolithic slab using special equipment - a vibrator. There is no need to pour concrete manually, since the quality of the foundation and the strength of the entire structure largely depend on this.
Diagram of a reinforced concrete slab.
The mechanism of action of the vibrator is based on the fact that the mixture becomes more plastic. In addition, it promotes the release of air from the mixture. The pores in the mixture are filled better. After leveling the concrete, you need to let it mature. It is advisable that it is not affected by various precipitation. That is, this needs to be done in dry weather. In inclement weather, it is recommended to cover the stove with film. After two weeks, walls can be erected on the slab. It is also very important that the concrete must be moistened, so it will be more durable and even.
Tools and materials
To build a monolithic Swedish slab, you will need a whole set of tools and materials. It includes: a vibrator necessary for compacting and leveling poured concrete, a hammer, a shovel, a container for sand mixture, buckets, M350 pre-mixed concrete, sand, reinforcement, metal rods, a welding machine, geotextiles, waterproofing materials, water, pipes for heating, water supply, sewerage, wooden panels with fastenings for formwork. All this can be purchased at any specialized hardware store.
An interesting fact is that, unlike a strip foundation, a Swedish slab will be very expensive. But its quality is much higher. It retains heat better, is more reliable and durable. It can be suitable both for the construction of low-rise buildings and for private construction. The technology is quite simple.
